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Photogrammetry & Mapping — aerial survey capture

Service 03

Drone photogrammetry and orthomosaic mapping you can measure from

Survey-grade orthomosaics, surface models and 3D meshes across the UK, captured on a 45 MP full-frame camera and tied to National Grid with surveyed control.

Ground sample distance
1.0–2.2 cmZenmuse P1, 45 MP full-frame
Horizontal accuracy
±15–25 mmRMSE with GCPs at 1–1.5 cm GSD
Vertical accuracy
±20–30 mmRMSE on hard, well-textured surfaces
Daily coverage
Up to 200 haAt 1.5 cm GSD, site and airspace permitting

01Overview

Georeferenced orthomosaics, digital surface models and textured 3D models at 1–2 cm resolution, controlled and accuracy-reported.

An orthomosaic is a single aerial image of your site, corrected for distortion so that every pixel sits in its true map position. Unlike satellite imagery or a stitched photograph, a survey-grade orthomosaic can be measured from directly, and distances, areas and positions taken from it hold to within a few centimetres. The same photographs also produce a digital surface model and a textured 3D mesh.

We capture with a DJI Zenmuse P1 on a Matrice 350 RTK. The P1 has a 45 MP full-frame sensor, a mechanical shutter and calibrated fixed lenses. At a typical 1.0–1.5 cm ground sample distance it clearly resolves kerbs, road markings, cracks in hardstanding and individual stones. Imagery is processed in Agisoft Metashape or Pix4D against surveyed ground control, and the result is checked against independent checkpoints before it leaves the office.

Councils use our mapping as a current, high-resolution base layer for GIS, planning and estates management. Contractors use it to record progress and settle disputes. Engineers inspect structures, facades and roofs from 3D models without scaffolding or access platforms, and survey firms buy the capture as a clean, controlled dataset for their own products.

Choosing a ground sample distance (Zenmuse P1)
GSDLens and flying heightTypical use
1.0 cm35 mm lens, 80 mDetailed topography, highway surfaces, condition records
1.5 cm35 mm lens, 120 mSite-wide mapping, earthworks, progress monitoring
2.2 cm24 mm lens, 120 mLarge-area GIS base mapping, estates, masterplanning

02Where it’s used

Typical projects

01

GIS base mapping for councils

Current, high-resolution imagery of estates, parks, cemeteries, housing land and town centres for asset registers, planning and enforcement.

02

Construction progress records

Repeat captures at fixed intervals give an objective, dated record of progress, temporary works and site logistics.

03

Structure and roof inspection

Oblique capture produces textured 3D models of bridges, facades, roofs and chimneys for condition assessment without access equipment.

04

Planning and consultation

Accurate orthophotos and site context models for design development, visual impact studies and public engagement.

05

Heritage recording

Measured 3D records of historic buildings, ruins and monuments to support conservation, repair specifications and archives.

06

Pre- and post-condition surveys

A defensible baseline of roads, verges and neighbouring property before work starts, repeated at completion for comparison.

03Method

From brief to issued data.

The same controlled process on every job, so results are repeatable and defensible.
  1. Step 01

    Define the output

    We confirm what the imagery needs to do, whether that is measurement, inspection, presentation or monitoring, and set the GSD, accuracy, extent and viewing angles to match.

  2. Step 02

    Permissions and flight planning

    Airspace, landowner consent and RAMS are arranged. Missions are planned with 75–80% forward and 65–70% side overlap for vertical mapping, with oblique passes added where a 3D model is required.

  3. Step 03

    Control and capture

    Ground control points and checkpoints are laid and surveyed by RTK GNSS, then the P1 captures in consistent light. We watch for low sun, moving shadow and wind, and will pause a flight rather than compromise the dataset.

  4. Step 04

    Processing and checks

    Aerial triangulation, dense matching and orthorectification run against the surveyed control. We review checkpoint residuals, clean up seamlines and moving objects, and balance colour across the whole mosaic.

  5. Step 05

    Delivery in your formats

    Orthomosaics, surface models and 3D meshes are delivered in formats that load directly into your GIS, CAD or BIM environment, with a report covering control and accuracy.

04Specification

The numbers behind it.

Typical values. Your quote confirms the specification for your site, and the survey report states what was achieved.
Camera
DJI Zenmuse P145 MP full-frame, 35.9 × 24 mm sensor, 4.4 µm pixels
Lenses
24 mm, 35 mm and 50 mm fixedDJI DL F2.8 LS ASPH with mechanical leaf shutter
Ground sample distance
1.0–2.2 cmAt 80–120 m above ground; finer for close-range models
Horizontal accuracy
±15–25 mmRMSE with GCPs at 1–1.5 cm GSD
Vertical accuracy
±20–30 mmRMSE on hard, well-textured surfaces
Image overlap
75–80% forward, 65–70% sideIncreased for 3D, vegetation and low-texture surfaces
Georeferencing
RTK or PPK with ground controlIndependent checkpoints on every job
Coordinate system
OSGB36 BNG and ODNVia OSTN15 and OSGM15
Processing
Agisoft Metashape, Pix4D, DJI Terra
Oblique capture
SupportedFor facades, structures and textured meshes
Turnaround
3–5 working daysOrthomosaic preview within 48 hours on request

05Deliverables

What you receive.

In your coordinate system, formats and layer standards — with a survey report you can hand to your client.

GeoTIFF (incl. COG), ECW, KMZ

Orthomosaic

A true-colour, georeferenced mosaic at the agreed GSD, tiled for large areas.

GeoTIFF, XYZ

Digital surface model

Elevation of the visible surface, including buildings and vegetation.

GeoTIFF, LandXML

Digital terrain model

A bare-earth surface filtered from the dense point cloud, suitable for open sites.

OBJ, FBX, SLPK, 3D Tiles

Textured 3D mesh

A photo-realistic model for inspection, visualisation and design context.

LAS, LAZ, E57

Dense point cloud

An RGB point cloud for measurement and CAD extraction.

PDF

Accuracy report

Camera calibration, control and checkpoint residuals, and the RMSE achieved.

JPEG with EXIF and position data

Source imagery

Original geotagged photographs, supplied with your deliverables on request for your own processing.

When to choose it

  • You need a current, measurable aerial image at far higher resolution than satellite or national aerial coverage.
  • The deliverable is visual: a base map, a progress record, a 3D model or an inspection dataset.
  • The areas you care about are open or built, without significant tree cover.
  • You want repeat captures at regular intervals to compare change over time.

Consider instead

  • LiDAR Surveys

    Ground levels beneath trees, hedges or dense vegetation matter, or you need thin features such as overhead lines.

  • Topographic Surveys

    Your designers need a feature-coded CAD drawing rather than an image. We can draw it from the same capture.

  • Volumetric & Stockpile Surveys

    The goal is reported quantities of material, reported in cubic metres or tonnes.

An orthomosaic is a single aerial image built from hundreds or thousands of overlapping photographs and corrected for terrain relief, camera tilt and lens distortion. Because the scale is uniform, it behaves like a map: you can measure distances and areas from it and overlay it accurately on CAD or GIS data. A stitched panorama can look similar, but it cannot be measured reliably.

With surveyed ground control and a 1–1.5 cm GSD, we typically achieve ±15–25 mm horizontal and ±20–30 mm vertical RMSE on hard, well-textured surfaces. Accuracy falls over vegetation, water and uniform surfaces such as fresh tarmac or snow, where the software has less texture to match. Every project is checked against independent checkpoints and the results are reported.

RTK and PPK positioning greatly reduce the number of ground control points needed, and for some mapping work they remove the need altogether. For survey-grade work we still lay control, because it removes small systematic height errors and provides independent checkpoints to prove the result. Without checkpoints there is no evidence of accuracy, only an expectation of it.

Cost depends mainly on area, ground sample distance, whether oblique capture and 3D models are needed, how much ground control is required and how often the site is flown. Repeat surveys of the same site cost less because the control and flight plans are reused. We quote a fixed price per capture or per programme.

Our standard mapping GSD is 1.0–1.5 cm per pixel, or 2.2 cm for large-area work. For structures, close-range oblique capture can resolve detail of a few millimetres per pixel, which helps identify cracking, spalling and other defects. Resolution and accuracy are different measures: a 1 cm pixel does not in itself guarantee 1 cm positional accuracy.

Yes. Orthomosaics are supplied as GeoTIFF or ECW on British National Grid and open directly in QGIS, ArcGIS Pro, MapInfo and most council GIS platforms. For very large areas we can tile the mosaic or supply a cloud-optimised GeoTIFF so it loads faster.

Yes. We fly a combination of vertical and oblique passes around the structure to build a textured 3D mesh and dense point cloud. These support condition surveys, design context, heritage recording and planning visuals, and are delivered as OBJ, FBX, SLPK or 3D Tiles to suit your software. Close flying around structures is planned under our CAA Operational Authorisation and covered by site-specific RAMS.

Often, with the right planning. Our Operational Authorisation allows flight in congested areas subject to conditions on separation from uninvolved people, which we meet through site controls, timing and flight path design. Some locations, including sites within aerodrome Flight Restriction Zones and parts of central London, need additional permissions, and we obtain these before the flight date.

Most contractors choose weekly, fortnightly or monthly flights, depending on the pace of work and their reporting cycle. Consistency matters more than frequency: flying the same plan, at the same altitude and against the same control each time makes every capture directly comparable. We set up a repeat programme so that each flight is quicker, more economical and consistent with the one before.

Start a project

Tell us the outcome. We’ll specify the survey.

  1. 01We aim to reply within one hourA drone surveyor, not a salesperson, reviews your brief and calls if anything needs clarifying.
  2. 02Fixed quote & method statementScope, accuracy specification, deliverables, programme and RAMS — in writing.
  3. 03Fly, process, deliverCapture on your programme, then CAD-ready data with a verified accuracy report.
Get a quote